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refuse和reject区别是什么(dismiss,reject,refuse,turn down,decline 如何区分?)

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dismiss/dɪsˈmɪs/ v 解雇;去除;不予考虑(驳回)

记忆:dis=no否定,miss=mit-送,transmit v 传输。不送了,不用你了!

I think we can safely dismiss their objections.不予考虑

Dismissing her fears, she climbed higher.排除去除恐惧

She claims she was unfairly dismissed from her post.解雇

The case was dismissed.驳回

dismiss

reject/rɪˈdʒekt , ˈriːdʒekt/ v 拒绝 n 次品

记忆:re-return,ject-投,投过来再投回去,你给我gift我再还回去。产品不合格就要回炉!

to reject an argument/a claim/a decision/an offer/a suggestion

Please reject the following candidates(candidate 候选人;can能did=do能胜任的人)

Imperfect articles are rejected by our quality control.(imperfect 不完美的,有瑕疵的,im=no,perfect 完美的。quality a 高质量的,这里应该是:严格的意思)

reject your idea

refuse/rɪˈfjuːz , ˈrefjuːs/ v 拒绝 n 废弃物 a 无价值的

记忆:re=return,fuse=flu流,拒绝往一块流

He flatly refused to discuss the matter.(flatly adv 果断地,flat 平的,就是直接的!)

I politely refused their invitation.(politely,polite 有礼貌的;invitation,invite 邀请,vit=see,in-进来看!和visit有异曲同工之妙)

They refused him a visa.(visa 签证 v 签发签证)

拒绝refuse吸烟

turn down :拒绝,关小,调低

I relish the challenge of doing jobs that others turn down(relish v 喜欢,享受 n 享受,乐趣)

There's no reason whatsoever to turn down this suggestion.(whatsoever[ˌwɒtsəʊ'evə(r)] adv 丝毫,任何 adj 不管怎样,任何 pron 任何事物)

He didn't have the heart to turn down their request.不忍心拒绝他们的请求

decline/dɪˈklaɪn/ v 谢绝,婉言拒绝 ;下降;衰弱 n下降,衰弱

记忆:de-下,当你决绝别人的时候,总喜欢用手往下推,表达不要的意思。

I offered to give them a lift but they declined.(lift,来自词根lev-举,提升,作名词有:搭便车的意思)

to decline an offer/invitation

Their spokesman declined to comment on the allegations.(allegation/ˌæləˈɡeɪʃn/ 指控 )

decline更常表达的意思是“下降”

比较:除了dismiss把“拒绝”延伸为了:解雇,不予考虑;reject,refuse,turn down作为决绝讲,我感觉可以完全的互换;而decline是婉拒,就是委婉的拒绝,而不是直接说"我不要”。

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